ICAR-NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE
FOR GRAPES,
Manjri, Pune.
WEATHER DATA FOR THE PREVAILING WEEK
Date of Fruit Pruning: 15/09/2023
Thursday (14/3/2024) – Wednesday (20/3/2024)
Location |
Temperature (°C) |
Possibility of Rain |
Cloud Cover |
Wind Speed (Km/hr) Min-Max |
R H% |
||
Min |
Max |
Min |
Max |
||||
Nashik |
15-17 |
34-36 |
Nashik, Dindori, Ozar, Pimpalgaon Baswant, Palkhed, Kalwan, Vani- Thu- Wed –No Rain Loni- Tue- Drizzling |
Clear to cloudy |
08-12 |
10-17 |
27-43 |
Pune |
17-19 |
35-36 |
Pune, Phursungi, Loni Kalbhor, Uruli Kanchan, Patas, Yavat, Narayangaon, Baramati - Thu- Wed –No Rain Indapur – Sun, Tue, Wed – Drizzling |
Clear |
10-13 |
09-14 |
29-39 |
Solapur |
20-23 |
38-40 |
Tuljapur- Tue- Drizzling Pandharpur- Sat, Tue, Wed – Drizzling Vairag, Barshi, Nannaj, Solapur, Latur, Ausa - Thu- Wed –No Rain |
Clear |
13-16 |
10-14 |
17-25 |
Sangli |
19-20 |
35-38 |
Palsi- Tue- Drizzling Khanapur Vita, Shetphal, Shirguppi, Kawthe, Walva, Palus, Miraj - Thu- Wed –No Rain |
Clear to cloudy |
13-16 |
11-18 |
29-35 |
Vijayapura |
21-23 |
37-39 |
Vijayapura, Chadchan, Tikota & Telsang - Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear to cloudy |
13-20 |
10-16 |
19-28 |
Hyderabad |
22-26 |
37-38 |
Hyderabad, Medchal- Tue, Wed – Drizzling Zahirabad - Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear to cloudy |
08-20 |
16-23 |
43-53 |
Satara |
18-19 |
33-35 |
Satara, Khatav, Phaltan - Thu- Wed –No Rain |
Clear |
09-11 |
13-18 |
34-43 |
Ahmednagar |
17-18 |
34-37 |
Rahata, Kopargaon, Sangamner, Karjat, Jamkhed, Akole, Ahmednagar, Shrigonda - Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear to cloudy |
10-18 |
10-15 |
21-32 |
Jalna |
19-22 |
35-37 |
Jafrabad - Wed – Drizzling Ambad, Jalna, Mantha, Gansawangi - Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear to cloudy |
10-19 |
10-13 |
18-21 |
Buldhana |
18-21 |
36-37 |
Buldana, Sindkhedraja, D.raja, Chikhli- Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear |
09-14 |
10-14 |
19-27 |
Kolhapur |
18-20 |
31-33 |
Kagal, Karveer, Gagan-bavada – Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear |
06-08 |
14-21 |
52-79 |
Bengaluru Rural |
19-22 |
33-36 |
Anekal, Doddaballapur, Bengaluru-east, Bengaluru-north, Bengaluru- Thu-Wed –No Rain. |
Clear to cloudy |
10-16 |
17-33 |
46-75 |
Belagavi |
20-21 |
34-36 |
Belagavi, Gokak, Chikodi, Athni- Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear to cloudy |
08-13 |
13-19 |
38-63 |
Bidar |
22-24 |
37-39 |
Bidar, Basavakalyan, Humanabad, - Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear |
11-24 |
10-23 |
18-44 |
Bagalkot |
21-23 |
36-38 |
Hungund, Bagalkot, Jamkhandi, Mudhol- Thu- Wed –No Rain. |
Clear |
11-19 |
09-17 |
27-36 |
Note: Above weather information is summary of weather forecasting given in following websites
https://www.wunderground.com/?cm_ven=cgi
https://imdagrimet.gov.in/weatherdata/BlockWindow.php
ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes does not claim accuracy of it.
II. Water Management
a. Number of days after
fruit pruning: 180
b.
Expected Pan evaporation: 7-8.5 mm
Amount of irrigation advised
In case the soil is under wapsa (field capacity) condition, donot irrigate
the vineyard.
Soil and Nutrient management
Berry Development stage:
1.
After 8-10 mm berry size, start
application of nitrogen in the
form of ammonium sulphate @ 25kg
/acre in 4 splits in calcareous
soil and as urea @ 15 kg/acre in
other soils in 3 splits.
Follow this up with
Sulphate of potash or 0-0-50 @
25 kg/ acre in 3-4 splits for
next two weeks.
2.
If soils are calcareous, then
apply zinc sulphate and ferrous
sulphate @ 5-10 kg/acre at 65-70
days after pruning.
3.
Possibility of powdery mildew
infection.
Build up potassium levels
in grapevine either through
foliar spray @4-5 gm SOP/L and
drip @ 15 kg SOP/L if not
applied since last 20 days.
Ripening to Harvest stage:
2.
Spray Magnesium sulphate
and potassium sulphate @
4g/L in calcareous soil.
3.
Possibility of powdery mildew
infection.
Build up potassium levels
in grapevine either through
foliar spray @4-5 gm SOP/L and
drip @ 15 kg SOP/L if not
applied since last 20 days.
4.
In case leaf curling/marginal
leaf yellowing (potassium
deficiency) and mites infection
is observed, first control mites
and then spray SOP@5g/L to take
care of potassium deficiency and
drip @ 15 kg SOP/L if not
applied since last 20 days.
5.
Manage canopy for adequate
sunlight and air movement within
the canopy for avoiding/
minimizing problems of berry
cracking.
Rest Period
After the harvest of
grapes during February – March,
vine reserves are exhausted.
After foundation pruning,
till photosynthetically active
leaves are formed, it is the
vine reserves that contribute to
the growth and development of
the vines. Hence, following is
advised:
Foundation pruning:
1.
If planning for foundation
pruning in next 10- 15 days, it
is advised to get soil and water
analysed for planning nutrient
and water application schedule
for foundation pruning season.
2.
If soils are calcareous in
nature, then apply 50 kg/acre
sulphur between the vines in the
soil. The sulphur should be
properly mixed in the soil for
improving its efficacy in taking
care of calcium carbonates.
Mixing of sulphur with
FYM/ compost further improves
its efficacy.
3.
The vineyards where sodicity
problems are there, apply gypsum
to the soil for removal of
sodium from the soil exchange
complex.
In case of calcareous
soils, use sulphur for similar
purpose.
III. Canopy Management
Based on the weather data
and growth stages, following
suggestions are offered for
vineyard management.
1.
The temperature in the vineyard
has started increasing. This
will demand more irrigation
water for berry development.
Under the situation of shortage
of irrigation water in the
vineyard, use of mulching,
irrigation during either evening
time or early morning need to be
followed.
2.
As the development of grape
bunches are in progress, the
irrigation is also being
increased in the vineyard. This
is also helping to increase the
relative humidity in the
vineyard. Due to this the
chances of incidence of powdery
mildew may increase. Hence,
under this condition, spray of
biologicals need to be used in
the vineyard.
3.
With the increase in temperature
in the vineyard, the chances of
mealy bug incidence will also be
increased.
4.
The grape bunches at the stage
of veraison, should be placed
under the canopy to maintain
uniformity in bunch colour.
5.
Elongated varieties in the
market are preferred when the
TSS is higher. To achieve, the
leaf around the grape bunch
needs to be removed. This will
help in obtaining yellow colour
of grape berries having higher
TSS.
6.
After the bud sprouting, only
straight and fast-growing shoot
to be selected for trunk
development.
7.
The selected shoot to be tied to
bamboo with sutali.
8.
While developing the trunk, stop
and go method to be followed.
The growing shoot to be pinched
at 7-8 leaf stage when it is at
10-11 leaf.
9.
The side shoots on the new
growth are then pinched at 3-4
leaf and the upper shoot to be
tied for next instalment of
cordon.
10.
After harvest of crop,
preparation of foundation
pruning is required. Soil and
water testing before the
foundation pruning is necessary.
This will help to know the
present status of soil and water
and application of nutrients so
that the cost of production can
be reduced.
11.
Trench opening (two feet wide
and 3-4 inch deep) can be done
at least 15 days in advance.
12.
Application of well rotten farm
yard manure at the bottom of
trench need to be done. Based on
the soil testing report and last
year experience in grape
vineyard, nutrient application
to be undertaken.
13.
Since the temperature in
increasing with reduction in
relative humidity, the trench
should be covered immediately to
protect these roots.
14.
The trench after filling should
be irrigated. This will help to
maintain moisture in the root
zone.
15.
Foundation pruning should be
done leaving a single bud on the
cane.
16.
Application of hydrogen
cyanamide @ 20-25 ml/L water
will be sufficient.
17.
Rectification of dead cordons
can be done during foundation
pruning.
IV. Disease management
Days after
fruit pruning |
Risk of diseases |
|||
Downy mildew |
Powdery mildew |
Anthracnose |
Others (specify) |
|
180 |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Bacterial spot- low
Rust-low |
As per the weather forecast there is no probability of
any major diseases now. However,
prior to harvest two sprays of
Bacillus subtilis may be
given which will not only
control powdery mildew but will
also help in reduction of
pesticide residues.
V. Insect and Mite management
Growth
Stage: Berry development and
veraison stage after October
pruning
1.
Buprofezin 25 SC @ 1.25 ml/L
(PHI 65 days) water or
spirotetramat 15.31 OD @ 700
ml/hectare (PHI 60 days) may be
used for the management of
mealybugs. In case PHI cannot be
maintained for application of
insecticides, tag mealybug
infested vines and wash with any
trisiloxane polyether-based
surfactant @ 0.3 ml per litre
water with water volume 10-12
litres per vine with single gun
with mild pressure to wash off
the mealybugs. It should be
followed by washing with plain
water.
2.
Mite infestation may increase in
most of the grape areas. Sulphur
80 WDG @ 1.5-2.0 g/L or
Abamectin 1.9 EC @ 0.75 ml/L
(PHI 30 days) or Bifenazate 22.6
SC @ 0.5 ml/L (PHI 30 days)
water may be applied if mite
infestation is observed.
3.
All the cracked/damaged berries
should be removed from the grape
bunches. These berries should be
destroyed by burying them
minimum two feet deep in the
ground away from the vineyards.
It will reduce the scavenging
fly population in the vineyard.
The berry cracking of grapes
should be managed by following
suitable viticultural practices.