WEATHER BASED GRAPE ADVISORY
WEATHER DATA FOR THE PREVAILING WEEK
Date of Foundation Pruning: 16/04/2022
Thursday (09/06/22)–Wednesday (15/06/2022)
| Location | Temperature (°C) |
Possibility of Rain | Cloud Cover | Wind Speed (Km/hr) Min-Max | R H%
| ||
| Min | Max | Min | Max | ||||
| Nashik | 25-27 | 34-38 | Nashik, Dindori, Palkhed, Kalwan, Pimpalgaon Baswant, Ozar- Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon, Tue- Drizzling to Light Rain. Loni- Thu, Fri, Sun, Mon, Tue- Drizzling to Light Rain. Vani - Thu-Wed - Drizzling to Light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 17-23 | 33-51 | 79-84 |
| Pune | 23-24 | 31-34 | Pune -Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain. Phursungi, Loni Kalbhor, Uruli Kanchan, Patas, Yavat, Narayangaon- Thu, Sat, Sun, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain. Indapur- Thu- Light Rain.Baramati – Thu, Fri- Light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 14-23 | 31-53 | 78-80 |
| Solapur | 19-21 | 33-38 | Ausa-Thu- Drizzling Rain. Latur, Barshi – Thu, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain. Pandharpur, Solapur - Thu, Fri- Light to Moderate Rain, Vairag- Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling to light Rain, Nannaj- Thu, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling Rain, Tuljapur - Thu-Wed - Drizzling to light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 17-29 | 22-37 | 64-70 |
| Sangli | 22-23 | 29-34 | Sangli, Kagvad, Arag, Palsi -Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon, Wed- Drizzling Rain. Shirguppi – Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon, Wed- Drizzling. Khanapur Vita, Palus – Thu, Fri, Sat, Mon - Drizzling to light Rain, Kawthe- Thu to Mon-Drizzling to light Rain. Walva- Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon-Drizzling to light Rain. Shetfal, Miraj, Tasgaon – Thu, Sat, Mon- Drizzling to light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 17-26 | 33-47 | 75-78 |
| Vijayapura | 20-21 | 31-37 | Vijayapura,Chadchan, Tikota & Telsang –Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun- Drizzling to Light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 29-45 | 29-45 | 72-74 |
| Hyderabad | 22-24 | 35-38 | Hyderabad, Medchal– Thu to Wed- Drizzling Rain. Zahirabad– Thu, Sat, Tue, Wed- Drizzling Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 19-29 | 19-29 | 53-59 |
| Satara | 22-24 | 29-32 | Satara – Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain. Khatav- Thu, Fri, Sat, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain, Phaltan – Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain | Clear to cloudy | 10-21 | 42-52 | 80-82 |
| Ahmednagar | 22-23 | 34-39 | Ahmednagar, Rahata- Thu, Fri -Light to moderate rain, Jamkhed- Thu, Fri, Sat, Mon, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain. Karjat - Sat, Mon, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain. Shrigonda- Thu, Sat – Drizzling to moderate rain, Akole- Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Wed- Drizzling to Light Rain. Rahata- Thu, Fri- Drizzling to Light Rain. Kopargaon- Thu, Fri, Sat- Drizzling to Light Rain. Sangamner - Thu, Fri, Sun- Drizzling to Light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 13-29 | 25-45 | 71-84 |
| Jalna | 24-25 | 35-39 | Jafrabad – Thu- Wed– Drizzling rain, Jalna- Thu, Fri- Drizzling to Light Rain. Gansawangi, Ambad- Thu, Fri, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain Mantha, - Thu, Sun, Mon- Drizzling Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 16-28 | 21-36 | 53-63 |
| Buldhana | 26-28 | 36-41 | Sindkhedraja, Buldana, Chikhli – Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling to light Rain. D.raja –Thu, Fri– Drizzling Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 16-26 | 24-38 | 49-66 |
| Kolhapur | 24-25 | 30-35 | Gagan-bavada – Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling to light Rain. Kagal, Karveer- Thu, Fri, Sat, Mon- Drizzling Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 09-14 | 48-60 | 86-91 |
| Bengaluru Rural | 24-25 | 29-32 | Bengaluru-east, Bengaluru-north, Bengaluru-south, Anekal, Doddaballapur- Thu- Wed - Drizzling to light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 18-22 | 37-48 | 77-84 |
| Belagavi | 22-23 | 28-30 | Belagavi, Khanapur - Thu, Fri, Sat Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain. Chikodi- Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain. Gokak- Thu, Fri, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain. Athni- Thu, Fri- Drizzling to Light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 16-24 | 57-66 | 87-91 |
| Bidar | 20-22 | 34-39 | Bidar- Thu, Fri, Mon- Drizzling Rain. Humnabad, Basavakalyan- Thu, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain | Clear to cloudy | 18-26 | 21-30 | 56-64 |
| Bagalkot | 20-22 | 29-34 | Bagalkot, Mudhol, Jamkhandi- Thu, Mon- Drizzling Rain. Hungund- Thu, Mon- Drizzling to Light Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 21-29 | 31-43 | 69-71 |
Note: Above weather information is summary of weather forecasting given in following websites
https://www.wunderground.com/?cm_ven=cgi
https://imdagrimet.gov.in/weatherdata/BlockWindow.php
https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india
ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes does not claim accuracy of it.
II. Water management (Dr. A.K. Upadhyay & Yukti Verma)
A) Days after pruning : 55 days
B) Pan evaporation : 5 to 7mm
Amount of irrigation advised:
1. All the grape growing regions are forecasted to receive from drizzling to light rains. The irrigation water application should be based upon the growth of the vines. In case rain exceeds 5 mm on a given day, irrigation water application can be skipped for that day. Generally, under wapsa (field capacity) condition of the soil, donot give irrigation.
2. Fruit Bud Differentiation stage:
a. Apply irrigation through surface drip @ 3000 to 4500 L/acre per day.
b. For fruit bud differentiation stage, stress needs to be given. In clayey soil as the water holding capacity is higher, please note that stress needs to be imposed early else fruitfulness will be affected.
c. Flooding the vineyard is not advised as it leads to wastage of water. Concentrate irrigation water application in the root zone only.
3. Cane maturity stage:Apply irrigation through surface drip @ 3000 to 4500 L/acre per day.
4. In case of monsoon rains, remove mulch cover on the bund and allow the rain water to seep into the soil. This will leach the accumulated salts in the rootzone. The mulch so removed can be mixed with the soil to improve the soil porosity.
Nutrient management
Fruit bud differentiation stage
1. After current rains, give foliar spray of SOP @ 3-4 g/L depending upon canopy.
2. Based upon soil test values, apply 20 – 25 kg phosphoric acid or 150 kg SSP in case the soils are deficient in phosphorus. Phosphoric acid application is desirable in calcareous soils. Donot apply beyond this until and unless the soil and petiole tests show low phosphorus availability.
3. Donot apply any water soluble fertilizer having nitrogen.
4. At 45 DAP, perform petiole test to know the nutrient content of the vines. The petioles should be collected from 5th leaf from the base of the shoot even counting the leaves that have been removed.
5. Apply Magnesium sulphate @ 15kg/ acre in atleast 2 splits from 45 to 55 DAP.
6. Check for any interveinal leaf yellowing or marginal leaf yellowing. Interveinal veinal leaf yellowing means lime induced iron deficiency due to calcareous soil. Yellowing of leaf margin coupled with curling means potassium deficiency.
7. To effectively manage calcareous soil, apply 5kg/ acre soluble sulphur through drip every week. Follow it up with foliar spray of ferrous sulphate @2g/L twice at 3 days interval and apply 15-20kg/acre ferrous sulphate thgrough drip. Also spray magnesium sulphate and potassium sulphate @ 3 gm each/ L once only.
8. Keep a close watch on the development of leaf blackening symptoms if irrigation water contains sodium more than 100ppm.
9. Possibility of leaf curling, check the leaf margins, if slight to more yellow, possibility of potassium deficiency. Foliar spray of SOP @ 3-4g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre in 2 to 3 splits.
10. In coloured varieties like Jumbo, Nanasaheb Purple etc., leaf curling along with reddening/ bronzing of the leaf margin can be observed if potassium deficiency is there. Foliar spray of SOP @ 3g/L followed by fertigation of 20-25 kg SOP/acre in 2 to 3 splits.
Cane maturity stage
1. After current rains, give foliar spray of SOP @ 4-5 g/L depending upon canopy.
2. Potassium application is required from Cane maturity stage onwards. Approx. 64 kg of sulphate of potash (soluble grade) should be applied in this stage. Split the application into atleast five doses to reduce the leaching losses of the potassium. Apply 15 kg SOP in two – three splits during this week. In calcareous soils, provide foliar application of Sulphate of Potash (@ 4g/L) once in this growth stage.
3. Apply magnesium sulphate @ 15 kg/acre in two splits. The application should be done during 60-75 days after pruning. In calcareous soils, provide foliar application of Magnesium sulphate (@3g/L) in this growth stage.
4. In case of calcareous soils where acute iron deficiency is observed, repeatedly spray 2-3g/L Ferrous sulphate two to three times at 3 days interval followed by 15-20 kg/ acre Ferrous sulphate application through drip. The fertigation dose should be split into atleast 3 doses of 5kg each.
5. To effectively manage calcareous soil, apply 5kg/ acre soluble sulphur through drip every week. Also spray magnesium sulphate and potassium sulphate @ 3 gm each/ L once only.
III. Requirement of growth regulators (Dr. S.D. Ramteke)
- NIL
IV. Canopy Management (Dr. R.G.Somkuwar)
During the last week the major grape growing region experienced either cloudy weather or rainfall. Under such conditions, the canopy management practices to be followed are given below.
1. The shoot vigor will be more during this period. Hence, the leaf above the requirement will be excess. These leaf are to be removed by pinching.
2. Continuous shoot pinching (hard pinching will lead to sprouting of main bud (tiger bud).
3. Application of potash to be increased during this period. This will help to advance the cane maturity.
4. In the late pruned vineyard, the vegetative growth will be more. After assessing the situation in the vineyard, sub cane or straight cane may be decided. If the weather is clear, sub cane development will assure the fruit bud differentiation.
5. Removal of side shoot should be given priority. This will help to receive uniform sunlight for a longer time on the bud to be fruitful.
6. In many of the grape vineyards, sprouting of the main bud is experienced. This might be due to shortage of irrigation water during last week and sudden rains in the vineyard. Under such a situation, apply nitrogenous fertilizer for2-3 days. Shoot pinching can be
avoided for about a week. This will help to encourage vegetative growth. Thus, the bud sprouting will be controlled. After a week, application of potash will help in initiating the cane maturity.
IV. Disease management (Dr. Sujoy Saha)
| Days after fruit pruning | Risk of diseases | |||
| Downy mildew | Powdery mildew | Anthracnose | Others (specify) | |
| 55 | Nil | Nil | Low to moderate | Bacterial spot-low to moderate |
As cloudy conditions will prevail in most of the areas, one preventive spray of Thiophenate methyl/carbendazim@1g/L should be given for anthracnose control. Trichoderma application through drip should be continued. If in early sprouting stage one spray of copper oxychloride or copper hydroxide may be given @1.5-2g/l. Anthracnose or bacterial spot attack may occur immediately after rains. Removal of old infected material especially of anthracnose is a must to prevent fresh infection. Mancozeb/Metiram/Ziram @ 2-2.5g/l may be given as a preventive for downy mildew control and it will control bacterial spot as well. In areas where there is a slight drizzle, application of Trichoderma formulations @ 3-4gm/ml per litre may be given. However, a gap of at least 48 hours may be kept between the application of bio control agents and chemicals. An application of Kasugamycin+Copper oxychloride may be given @ 0.75g/l for the management of both bacterial spot and anthracnose.
V. Insect and Mite management. (Dr. D.S. Yadav)
1. Adults of stem borer Stromatium barbatum started emerging during first fortnight of June. Installation of light traps will be helpful in monitoring the initiation of emergence of stem borer adults. Run the light traps for 3 hours daily, during evening between 7.00 pm – 10.00 pm and destroy the collected beetles in water mixed with insecticide. Application of neem oil or neem seed kernel extract or hanging neem leaves inside vineyards may act as repellant for adults of Stromatium barbatum. If adult stem borers are noticed, application of fipronil 80 WG @ 0.06 g/litre, lambda cyhalothrin 5 CS @ 0.5 ml/litre or imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 ml/litre water may be given directed at main stem and cordons during night. Follow the following link for detailed information on youtube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yvx7dIbPEAU
2. Chafer beetles are adults of white grubs. They start emerging after good rains during May-June months. They are active during nighttime and remain hidden during the day. After mating about 50 eggs are laid by a single female in the soil and where they feed on the roots. However, the damage to roots by their grubs in grapes is not a major problem. The major damage is caused by the adults by feeding on leaves. Mostly grape plants at the border of the vineyard are affected. Foliar application of lambda cyhalothrin 4.9 CS @ 0.5 ml per liter water at night is effective to kill the beetles.
3. Spraying of imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.4 ml per litre water will help in controlling mealybug on new growth.
4. In case of thrips or caterpillar infestation, application of fipronil 80 WG @ 0.0625 g per litre or emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.22 g per litre water is effective.
5. Remove excess growth to manage thrips post second pinching.
6. Mite infestation may start appearing, therefore, monitor the vineyards carefully. If mite infestation is observed, sulphur 80 WDG @ 1.5-2.0 gram per litre water is effective.