WEATHER BASED GRAPE ADVISORY
ICAR-NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GRAPES,
Manjri, Pune.
WEATHER DATA FOR THE PREVAILING WEEK
Date of Fruit Pruning: 15/09/2023
Thursday (9/11/2023) – Wednesday (15/11/2023)
| Location | Temperature (°C) |
Possibility of Rain | Cloud Cover | Wind Speed (Km/hr) Min-Max | R H%
| ||
| Min | Max | Min | Max | ||||
| Nashik | 17-19 | 33-35 | Nashik, Dindori, Ozar, Palkhed, Pimpalgaon Baswant, Kalwan- Thu- Drizzling Vani,Loni -Thu- Wed –No Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 10-12 | 10-12 | 27-29 |
| Pune | 19-20 | 31-32 | Pune, Phursungi, Loni Kalbhor, Uruli Kanchan, Patas, Yavat, Narayangaon-- Thu- Drizzling Baramati- Sat, Wed- Drizzling Indapur - Thu- Wed –No Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 08-13 | 28-37 | 49-64 |
| Solapur | 19-20 | 31-33 | Solapur- Thu, Fri, Tue, Wed- Drizzling Latur, Ausa , Vairag, Barshi- Thu, Fri- Drizzling Tuljapur, Nannaj, Pandharpur - Thu- Wed –No Rain | Clear to cloudy | 13-16 | 28-45 | 53-73 |
| Sangli | 20-22 | 31-32 | Shirguppi, Palsi, Miraj - Thu, Fri, Sat - Drizzling. Shetphal, Walva, Palus, Kawthe-Thu, Fri- Drizzling Khanapur Vita - Thu- Wed –No Rain | Clear to cloudy | 09-18 | 34-47 | 62-85 |
| Vijayapura | 18-20 | 25-32 | Vijayapura, Chadchan, Tikota & Telsang–- Thu, Fri, Sat - Drizzling. | Clear to cloudy | 12-18 | 35-69 | 68-82 |
| Hyderabad | 20-21 | 30-31 | Hyderabad, Medchal, Zahirabad--Thu, Fri- Drizzling | Clear to cloudy | 08-10 | 34-53 | 62-85 |
| Satara | 19-20 | 31-32 | Satara, Khatav-Thu, Fri, Tue, Wed- Drizzling Phaltan - Sat, Wed- Drizzling | Clear to cloudy | 07-12 | 36-46 | 58-84 |
| Ahmednagar | 17-18 | 32-33 | Rahata, Kopargaon,Sangamner, Akole--Thu, Fri- Drizzling Karjat - Thu – Drizzling Ahmednagar, Shrigonda, Jamkhed - Thu- Wed –No Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 11-14 | 25-35 | 49-67 |
| Jalna | 16-17 | 31-33 | Ambad, Jalna, GansawangiMantha, Jafrabad- Thu- Wed –No Rain. | Clear | 08-10 | 24-35 | 45-57 |
| Buldhana | 16-18 | 33-34 | Chikhli- Thu – Drizzling Buldana, Sindkhedraja, D.raja - Thu- Wed –No Rain. | Clear to cloudy | 08-11 | 24-31 | 41-48 |
| Kolhapur | 22-23 | 30-33 | Kagal,Karveer, Gagan-bavada – Thu, Fri, Sat, Wed - Drizzling. | Clear to cloudy | 05-10 | 45-65 | 66-91 |
| Bengaluru Rural | 18-21 | 27-29 | Anekal, Doddaballapur, Bengaluru-east, Bengaluru-north, Bengaluru-south - Thu- Drizzling | Clear to cloudy | 08-16 | 49-64 | 83-94 |
| Belagavi | 21-22 | 27-30 | Belagavi, Gokak- Thu, Fri - Drizzling. Chikodi, Athni – Thu, Fri,Sat- Drizzling to light rain. | Clear to cloudy | 06-14 | 48-71 | 82-97 |
| Bidar | 20-21 | 31-32 | Basavakalyan, Humanabad- Thu, Fri - Drizzling. Bidar- Thu – Drizzling | Clear to cloudy | 09-11 | 33-49 | 55-85 |
| Bagalkot | 18-20 | 27-31 | Hungund,Bagalkot,Jamkhandi, Mudhol- Thu, Fri,Sat- Drizzling | Clear to cloudy | 12-17 | 35-51 | 72-84 |
Note: Above weather information is summary of weather forecasting given in following websites
https://www.wunderground.com/?cm_ven=cgi
https://imdagrimet.gov.in/weatherdata/BlockWindow.php
https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india
ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes does not claim accuracy of it.
II. Water Management
a. Number of days after fruit pruning: 55
b. Pan evaporation:3-6mm
Amount of irrigation advised:
1. Many of the grape growing areas are expected to receive rains.In case soil is under wapsa (field capacity) condition, donot irrigate the vineyard.
2. During shoot growth stage (Fruit pruning season),apply irrigation through drip @ 5100-10200 L/ acre/ day for all grape growing regions.In case vigour is more than desired, then reduce irrigation water application by half to 2600 - 5100 L/ acre and still if growth is more, stop the irrigation till such time the growth is brought under control and then start irrigation.
3. Practice mulching to keep the bunds moistened. This will reduce the salinity build up in the root zone due to evaporation of the moisture from the surface of the bund.
4. From flowering to fruit setting, apply irrigation through drip upto 3400 L/ acre/ day.Vigour needs to be controlled.
5. During Berry development stage, apply irrigation through drip @ 5100-10200 L/ acre/ day for all grape growing regions.
Nutrient management
1. Many of the areas are expected to receive rains. If forecasted for your location, spray SOP@ 3-5g/L depending upon the canopy size and stage of the crop and apply 15kg SOP/acre, if not applied earlier.
2. After a good rain, give foliar spray of SOP@ 3-5g/L depending upon the canopy size.
3. Need based sprays to be given, excess will h is bound to affect the photosynthate formation.This will impact bunch development.
Shoot Growth stage
1. In case organic fertilizers are applied, check the C:N ratio. Lower the ratio more the nitrogen release, hence possibility of enhanced growth. Control nitrogen application based upon growth of vine.
2. Based upon the soil test value, during shoot growth stage apply urea @ 15kg / acre this week in two splits.If the soil is calcareous, instead of urea apply ammonium sulphate @ 25 kg/ acre in three splits this week.Depending upon the crop vigour, regulate nitrogen application.
3. If sodicity problem is there, apply 10 kg Sulphate of potash per acre in 2 splits this week.
4. Until and unless leaves are fully developed donot go for any foliar application of nutrients. It will be lead to wastage of spray.
5. The quantity of nutrients to be applied through foliar, depends upon canopy size.
6. If the crop is between 5 leaf to prebloom stage, apply Zinc sulphate and Ferrous sulphate @ 15 kg/ acre based upon soil test value.Boron application should be carried out only if soil test value indicates low levels and the irrigation water does not contain boron.If during foundation puning, the petiole test stated that boron was deficient then apply boron @ 1.5 kg to 5 kg depending upon the soil test value.Apply one kg boron at a time.
7. Apply 15 kg Magnesium sulphate per acre in two splits.
8. If soils are calcareous, spray Sulphate of potash and Magnesium sulphate @ 2-3g/L depending upon leaf age during prebloom stage.
Flowering to setting stage:
1. Donot apply any nitrogen based fertilizer just before Flowering to Setting stage to avoid problems of kooj (inflorescence necrosis).
2. Apply 3-4 kg Phosphoric acid in two to three splits this week.Remember that the pH of the irrigation water should be near 6.0. OR apply SSP @ 125kg/acre as basal application.SSP should be mixed with FYM/Compost before application to minimize phosphorus fixation.
3. If SOP not applied, then apply 15 kg SOP in case low temperature and cloudy conditions forecasted during flowering stage.
4. Petiole nutrient testing: At 70% capfall stage, petiole samples should be taken for nutrient analysis. The leaf opposite the bunch should be removed for sampling.
Berry Development stage:
1. After Berry setting, continue initially with Phosphoric acid application @ 2 kg followed by 5 kg 12-61-0/acre.
2. If the berry size is from 2-4mm, spray calcium @ 2g Calcium Chloride / Calcium Nitrate per litre.Target sprays immediately after GA application (preferably next day) for better absorption.
3. If the berry size is from 5-8mm, spray calcium @ 2g Calcium Chloride / Calcium Nitrate per litre.Target sprays immediately after GA application (preferably next day) for better absorption.
4. After 6-8 mm berry size, start application of nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulphate @ 25kg /acre in 4 splits in calcareous soil and as urea @ 15 kg/acre in other soils in 3 splits.Follow this up with Sulphate of potash or 0-0-50 @ 25 kg/ acre in 3-4 splits for next two weeks.
III. Canopy Management
Since yesterday, the weather changed completely with medium to heavy rainfall in Sangli district. The vineyard in different growth stages may face the problem differently. The information is given below.
1. Pruning to bus sprouting stage:
The vineyard at this stage with heavy rainfall may face the problem of fillage. Hence, application of potash through soil and spraying of 6BA @ 10 ppm will help to control the situation.
2. Vineyard in pre- bloom stage:
With the present rainfall in this vineyard, the problem of bunch rot and downy mildew infection may become serious. Hence, removal of non bearing excess shoot immediately will help for reducing the relative humidity in the canopy. Immediately after the shoot removal, copper based fungicide may be sprayed to avoid further infection.
Spraying of zinc, boron and potassium will make the vine stronger.
Spraying of GA3 may be delayed under continuous rainfall conditions.
3. The vineyard from pre- bloom stage to flowering stage:
The second application of GA3 can be given only during clear weather. Removal of 2 to 3 basal leaf will help for good aeration and coverage of fungicide. Immediately after the rains, the vineyard may experience powdery mildew infection. Hence, application of Trichoderma through foliar spray and drenching through drip may help to reduce the disease inoculation.
IV. Disease management
| Days after fruit pruning | Risk of diseases | |||
| Downy mildew | Powdery mildew | Anthracnose | Others (specify) | |
| 55 | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Bacterial spot- Low Rust- Nil |
Due to some sporadic rains in Sangli region, there can be an attack of downy mildew. For downy mildew control application of systemic fungicides like Amisulbrom @ 0.375g/L+ mancozeb 75WP@2g/L(tank-mix) or Dimethomorph@1g/L+mancozeb 75WP@2g/L(tank- mix) or Iprovalicarb+propineb @ 2.25g/L or Mandipropamid@ 0.8g/L may be done. However, no application is to be done if the leaves are wet. Efforts should be made to dry the leaves first and then application of fungicides can be done. In some areas of Nashik where dew is observed in the morning hours, a dusting of mancozeb@3-5 kg/acre may be done. In 35-40 days old crop one round of hexaconazole or difenoconazole @ 1ml/L may be given. In areas where there is a sudden drop in temperature powdery mildew may be visible and application of sulphur @2-2.5g/ L may be given.
V. Insect and Mite management
Fruit pruning growth stage: Initial active shoot growth stage
· Some jassid/leafhopper infestation may be seen. Install light traps outside vineyards. Foliar application of insecticides such as lambda cyhalothrin 4.9 CS @ 200 ml per acre or imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 160 ml per acre or fipronil 80 WG @ 25 g per acre is effective. Care should be taken that the sprays should be done during night and install a white light bulb behind tractor and turn on during spraying for better results from the insecticidal sprays.
· Flea beetle infestation may be high during this period. For flea beetle management, remove weeds from inside and around the vineyards. Harrowing may be done in inter row space. Foliar application of lambda cyhalothrin 4.9 CS @ 200 ml per acre or imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 160 ml per acre or fipronil 80 WG @ 25 g per acre or spinosad 45 SC @ 100 ml per acre may be given. The foliar spray may preferably to give at night.
· Incidences of new species of stem borer (red colour larva) may be noticed under bark in Sangali, Solapur, Nashik, Pune, Bijapur grape areas. Remove the loose bark and give good plant wash mainly targeting cordons and main trunk with entomogenous fungi, Metarhizium spp. @ 3-5 ml/L water (water volume 1.5 litres per plant).
